Integrated Pest Management

FRUIT FLY
DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE: Ceratitis capitata

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Identification

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Check Your Diagnosis

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Data Sheet

Damage Symptoms

on fruit

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 on leaves

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 on blossom

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 on twigs

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1. On Fruit

Feeding damage Want to know more?
Decay of fruit.

Sometimes only a puncture of the femaleto the rind, sometimes maggots feed inside the fruit
  • Eggs are seldom laid in the citrus fruit
  • Indirect damage through fungal infection
  • Secondary decay post harvest

2. On Leaves

NONE

3. On Blossoms

NONE

4. On Twigs

NONE

Life Cycle

Drawing of life cycle
r-strategist:
  • high reproduction (infestation levels rise quickly)
  • low survival (can easily be killed)
  • rebound quickly ( after spraying pest levels can rise fast if all predators are killed)
  
Adults
  • female – ovipositor at abdomen, mottled wings.
  • Black thorax with ivory white markings on the upper side
  • Male - Two spatulate appendages on the head
  • Black thorax with ivory white markings on the upper side
  
Egg white, banana shaped , laid in clumps in the rind of the fruit  
Larvae larvae in fruit are white fully grown larvae are 7-9 mm long and creamy white

Mature larvae can make short jumps

Larvae falls to the ground

  
Pupa pupate in soil

Puparium is brown, cylindrical with rounded ends and 4-6 mm long

  

Seasonal Cycle in Vaalharts

Graph
Populations peak in late summer and autumn

Fruit fly numbers decrease gradually as winter( colder temps) sets in

15 generations per year

Overwinter in evergreen shrubs and trees

  • Multivoltine: several generations per year

 

Top Check Your Diagnosis Data Sheet Natural Enemies Management
    DAMAGE SYMPTOMS   MONITOR
    LIFE CYCLE   ECONOMIC THRESHOLD
    SEASONAL CYCLE   CONTROL OPTIONS
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Natural Enemies

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Top Check Your Diagnosis Data Sheet Natural Enemies Management
    DAMAGE SYMPTOMS   MONITOR
    LIFE CYCLE   ECONOMIC THRESHOLD
    SEASONAL CYCLE   CONTROL OPTIONS
        CHECK POINTS

Management

 
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