Integrated Pest Management

Brown leafhopper
HEMIPTERA: CICADELLIDAE: Penthimiola bella

Top Check Your Diagnosis Data Sheet Natural Enemies Management
    DAMAGE SYMPTOMS   MONITOR
    LIFE CYCLE   ECONOMIC THRESHOLD
    SEASONAL CYCLE   CONTROL OPTIONS
        CHECK POINTS

Identification

Photo

 

Check Your Diagnosis

  • Insect 1 mm long

  • Flying insect – hops if disturbed

  • Mottled wings with paler markings

Photo

 

Top Check Your Diagnosis Data Sheet Natural Enemies Management
    DAMAGE SYMPTOMS   MONITOR
    LIFE CYCLE   ECONOMIC THRESHOLD
    SEASONAL CYCLE   CONTROL OPTIONS
        CHECK POINTS

 

Data Sheet

Damage Symptoms

on fruit

PHOTO

on leaves

Photo

on blossom

 

on twigs

 

1. On Fruit

Feeding damage

Want to know more?

  • Causes chlorotic spots on the fruit surface

  • Feeding damage happen in December and January.

  • 90% of the spots caused by brown leafhopper disappear towards harvest

  • Injury by brown leafhopper usually when fruit are green
     

2. On Leaves

Feeding damage

Want to know more?

  • Blotchy yellow discoloration

  • Leaves are uneven

  

3. On Blossoms

NONE

4. On Twigs

NONE

Life Cycle

  • Plant feeders

  • Pierce sucking mouth parts = suck sap from leaves and fruit cells

  • Gradual metamorphosis = nymphs resemble the adult

Photo of adult

Drawing of life cycle

r- strategist

  • rapid increase in pest populations

  • can rebound quickly after catastrophe (chemical spray)

Egg

Laid through a minute slit made in the leaf or fruit

Five nymphal stages

  

Adult

  • 3,0 – 3,9 mm in length

  • Found on the cooler southern side or citrus trees

Seasonal Cycle in Vaalharts

  • Damage between December to January

Graph

  •  Multivoltine: several generations per year

 

Top Check Your Diagnosis Data Sheet Natural Enemies Management
    DAMAGE SYMPTOMS   MONITOR
    LIFE CYCLE   ECONOMIC THRESHOLD
    SEASONAL CYCLE   CONTROL OPTIONS
        CHECK POINTS

 

Natural Enemies

Photo

Photo

Photo

Photo

 

 

Top Check Your Diagnosis Data Sheet Natural Enemies Management
    DAMAGE SYMPTOMS   MONITOR
    LIFE CYCLE   ECONOMIC THRESHOLD
    SEASONAL CYCLE   CONTROL OPTIONS
        CHECK POINTS

Management

 
BDB Web Designs